The author explores the rheological model and the influence factors of all tailing slurry on the basis of the rheological properties test by using the rheological theory and statistics principle. Slurry mass fraction, cement-sand ratio, content of fly ash, temperature and The hydration time on the influence of rheological parameter had been analysed deeply. It reveals the primary and secondary order and the effect law. Then the function relationship between slurry rheological properties, operating characteristics and the main influence factors was established, enriching the theoretical basis of backfill process.