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| Study on the structure-activity relationship of low-temperature adaptive spodumene flotation collector based on composite ligand synergistic effect |
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Received:March 12, 2025
Revised:March 12, 2025
Accepted:March 13, 2025
Published Online:April 30, 2026
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2026.02.005 |
| KeyWord:spodumene flotation;composite collector;low-temperature adaptability;synergistic mechanism;surface chemical characterization |
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| State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing 102628, China |
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| Abstract: |
| This study focuses on critical issues such as poor adaptability and weak selectivity of collectors in spodumene flotation under low-temperature environments, constructing a composite ligand synergistic system based on oleic acid and short-chain fatty acids. Through pure mineral flotation tests, the performance variation patterns of the composite collector with different hydrocarbon chain compositions were systematically investigated. The results show that when oleic acid and valeric acid are compounded at a ratio of 9∶1, the freezing point of the reagent system significantly decreases, and the spodumene recovery rate reaches 42.7% under low-temperature conditions, representing an 11.5% improvement compared to the single oleic acid system. Combined with surface chemical characterization, the study further reveals the synergistic mechanism of the composite system. Contact angle tests indicate that the composite collector increases the mineral surface contact angle to 54.2°, significantly enhancing hydrophobicity; Zeta potential analysis confirms that under pH=8 conditions, the composite reagent promotes a negative shift in the mineral surface potential through electrostatic adsorption, which aligns closely with the optimal flotation conditions; FTIR spectroscopy rules out the possibility of chemical adsorption, verifying that valeric acid facilitates the orderly assembly of oleic acid on the mineral surface through physical adsorption, forming a dense and stable hydrophobic layer. The study elucidates, at the molecular level, the regulatory mechanism of short-chain fatty acid carbon chain length and steric hindrance effects on adsorption configuration, establishing a multi-scale correlation from microscopic interactions to macroscopic flotation performance. This provides a molecular design basis for developing highly efficient flotation reagent systems with low-temperature adaptability. The research holds significant theoretical guidance and practical application value for promoting the efficient extraction of lithium resources in high-altitude, low-temperature environments. |
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