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| Ultrasound-Enhanced Purification of Tannin-Germanium via Sulfuric Acid: Mechanistic Study of Ultrasonic Cavitation Bubble Dynamics |
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Received:May 21, 2025
Revised:May 21, 2025
Accepted:May 28, 2025
Published Online:August 05, 2025
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| DOI： |
| KeyWord:Tannin-Germanium; Purification; Ultrasonic Cavitation Bubble Dynamics;Pressure Amplitude |
| Author | Institution |
| LU Zhanqing |
Yunnan Chihong Zn Ge CO,LTD |
| FAN Maosheng |
Yunnan Chihong Zn Ge CO,LTD |
| YANG Rongjing |
Yunnan Chihong Zn Ge CO,LTD |
| YANG Kun |
Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology |
| PEI Qifei |
Yunnan Chihong Zn Ge CO,LTD |
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| Abstract: |
| Amid evolving international dynamics and global mineral resource shortages, the widening supply gap for germanium underscores the critical importance of enhancing its efficient utilization to ensure China"s civilian and defense security. The purification of tannin-germanium crucially determines the grade of germanium concentrate. Building on previous studies of ultrasound-assisted sulfuric acid purification, this research investigates ultrasonic cavitation bubble dynamics during tannin-germanium purification through computational modeling, establishing theoretical guidelines for optimized processes. Systematic analysis of ultrasonic pressure amplitude (1.4-1.6 bar) and frequency (23 kHz transducer) revealed optimal cavitation conditions, with comparative experiments demonstrating that ultrasound application (225 W power, 23 kHz frequency, 1.5 bar pressure) increased zinc impurity removal efficiency to 84.93% – a 3.1% enhancement over conventional methods. These findings quantitatively validate ultrasound"s efficacy in improving tannin-germanium purification, providing both mechanistic insights and practical operational parameters for industrial refinement processes. |
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