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| Research progress and prospects of enhanced leaching technologies for refractory gold ores |
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Received:August 07, 2025
Revised:September 17, 2025
Accepted:September 22, 2025
Published Online:April 30, 2026
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2026.02.011 |
| KeyWord:refractory gold ores;enhanced leaching;electrochemistry;ultrasound;ultra-fine grinding;intense agitation;green metallurgy |
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| 1.School of Mining Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning, China;2.Power Generation Branch, Energy and Power Plant, Ansteel Co., Ltd., Anshan 114000, Liaoning, China |
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| Abstract: |
| With the increasing depletion of easily-processed gold ore resources, low-grade refractory gold ores have become the primary resource for the sustainable development of the gold industry. However, traditional gold leaching processes suffer from issues such as slow kinetics and low leaching efficiency. Moreover, the use of highly toxic leaching agents presents severe environmental challenges, which further constrains technological advancement in this field. To overcome these bottlenecks, various physical, chemical, and electrochemical enhancement technologies have been developed and applied to the gold leaching process. By improving mass transfer efficiency, promoting mineral liberation, or regulating interfacial reactions, these technologies have significantly enhanced gold leaching rates. This paper systematically reviews the principles, research status, and application progress of four major enhanced leaching technologies: electrochemical enhancement, ultrasonic enhancement, ultra-fine grinding enhancement, and agitation enhancement. It provides an in-depth analysis of the key challenges and limitations currently faced by these technologies, such as high energy consumption, equipment wear, and difficulties in controlling side reactions. Building on this analysis and in line with the "Dual Carbon" goals and the trend toward green metallurgy, targeted improvement strategies and technical optimization directions are proposed. Furthermore, the development path for future efficient, low-carbon, and integrated enhanced gold leaching technologies is outlined. |
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