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| Study on the co-treatment of lead-silver residue and gypsum residue via smelting-fuming process for resource utilization |
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Received:August 21, 2025
Revised:October 27, 2025
Accepted:November 05, 2025
Published Online:April 30, 2026
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2026.02.019 |
| KeyWord:lead-silver residue;gypsum residue;co-smelting-fuming;valuable metals recovery;resource circulation and utilization |
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| 1.School of Metallurgy and Environment of Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;2.Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, Gansu, China;3.Technological Innovation Center of comprehensive utilization of non-ferrous mineral resources of Gansu Province, Baiyin 730900, Gansu, China;4.Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha 410083, China;5.Baiyin Nonferrous Group Co. Ltd., Baiyin 730900, Gansu, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the characteristic that CaSO4 in gypsum residue from copper-smelting acidic wastewater treatment can react with reductant C at high temperature to form CaO, a novel co-treatment process is proposed, which integrates side-blown smelting and fuming of zinc-hydrometallurgy lead-silver residue together with the gypsum residue. This process not only achieves efficient volatilization recovery of valuable metals such as Pb, Zn, Au and Ag, but also effectively addresses the storage and resource-recycling challenges of both solid hazardous wastes. By systematically investigating the effects of key factors including reaction temperature, time, carbon dosage, Fe/SiO2 ratio and CaO/SiO2 ratio on metal volatilization behavior, the optimal process conditions were determined. The results show that under the optimized conditions – reduction temperature of 1 250 ℃, time of 60 min, carbon dosage of 14%, Fe/SiO2 ratio of 1.8, and CaO/SiO2 ratio of 0.8 – the volatilization rates of lead and zinc both exceed 98%, while those of gold and silver surpass 50% and 80%, respectively. The co-consumption of gypsum residue can reach approximately 10% of the mass of lead-silver residue. This study provides a feasible approach for the co-treatment and resource recovery of typical solid hazardous wastes in the copper, lead, and zinc smelting industries. |
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