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| Preparation, structural characterization, and dispersion of graphene nanoplatelets |
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Received:September 01, 2025
Revised:September 22, 2025
Accepted:September 24, 2025
Published Online:April 30, 2026
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-7854.2025.05.004 |
| KeyWord:graphene nanoplatelets;graphite;two-dimensional structure;energy storage;functional materials;ultrasound-assisted exfoliation;microfluidization exfoliation method;electrochemical intercalation exfoliation |
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| 1.School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China;2.Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, China;3.National Graphene Innovation Center, Ningbo 315205, Zhejiang, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Graphene, as a carbon material with a unique two-dimensional structure, demonstrates immense application potential in fields such as energy storage, electronics, and composite materials due to its outstanding electrical, thermal and mechanical properties, and chemical stability. Graphene nanoplatelets, prepared through the non-oxidative exfoliation of graphite, exhibit high crystallinity and excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, making them the most widely used form of graphene materials at present. This review summarizes several mainstream preparation methods for graphene nanoplatelets, including ultrasound-assisted exfoliation, microfluidization-assisted exfoliation, and electrochemical intercalation exfoliation, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques. Additionally, this paper outlines the characterization methods for key structural parameters such as thickness and lateral size of graphene nanoplatelets, including the principles, data analysis approaches, applicability, and limitations of the techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, addressing the practical application requirements of graphene nanoplatelets, this review discusses the challenges associated with their dispersion in liquid-phase systems. It introduces suitable solvent systems for dispersing graphene nanoplatelets, modification strategies to enhance dispersion, and methods for evaluating the stability of graphene dispersions. By summarizing current research progress, this review highlights the existing challenges and future development directions in the preparation, structural characterization, and dispersion of graphene nanoplatelets, providing theoretical insights and technical support for further research and practical applications. |
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